N-DOPED POROUS CARBON DERIVED FROM A DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT AND ITS APPLICATION IN SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF PROFENOFOS FROM FRUITS
Abstract
Porous N-doped carbon materials with glucose and urea derived from a deep eutectic solvent, and their performance in determining pesticides were investigated. The carbon materials were characterized with nitrogen absorption, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the results showed that they had high specific surface areas, pore volumes and rich functional groups. Under optimized conditions, this method showed a good linearity (0.2–2.0 µg/mL) and high sensitivity (detection limit of 0.023 µg/mL, S/N = 3). The proposed method was successfully applied in an analysis of a fruit sample with recoveries ranging from 97.2 % to 103.3 %, and good reproducibility was achieved. This work revealed great potentials of a porous N-doped carbon material used as an excellent sorbent material in analyzing organophosphorus pesticides.
References
2. Li, H.; Guo, J.; Ping, H.; Liu, L.; Zhang, M.; Guan, F.; Sun, C.; Qian, Z., Visual detection of organophosphorus pesticides represented by mathamidophos using Au nanoparticles as colorimetric probe. Talanta 2011, 87 (none), 93-99.DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.09.046
3. Silvestre, C. I. C.; Santos, J. O. L. M.; Lima, J. L. F. C.; Zagatto, E. A. G., Liquid–liquid extraction in flow analysis: A critical review. Analytica Chimica Acta 2009, 652 (1-2), 54-65. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2009.05.042
4. Liu, Q.; Shi, J.; Sun, J.; Wang, T.; Jiang, G., Graphene and graphene oxide sheets supported on silica as versatile and high-performance adsorbents for solid-phase extraction. Angewandte Chemie 2011, 50 (26), 5913-5917. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007138
5. Motamedshariaty, V. S.; Mohammadinejad, A.; Rezaee, M. A.; Saberi, M. R.; Mohajeri, S. A.; Pourtaghi, A., Application of molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography method for detection of penicillin G in pasteurised milk samples. International Journal of Dairy Technology 2022, 75 (1), 83-93.DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12833
6. Soylak, M.; Maulana, R., Ultrasound assisted magnetic solid phase extraction of copper(II) and lead(II) in environmental samples on Magnetic Activated Carbon Cloth. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 2021, 1-13.DOI: 10.1080/03067319.2021.1895136
7. Phosiri, P.; Burakham, R., Deep eutectic solvent-modified mixed iron hydroxide-silica: Application in magnetic solid-phase extraction for enrichment of organochlorine pesticides prior to GC-MS analysis. Journal of separation science 2021, 44 (19), 3636-3645.DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100329
8. Ravelo-Pérez, L. M.; Herrera-Herrera, A. V.; Hernández-Borges, J.; Rodríguez-Delgado, M. A., Carbon Nanutubes: Solid-Phase Extraction. Journal of Chromatography A 2009, 1217 (16), 2618-2641.DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3133-x
9. Li, Y.; Liu, H.; Wu, X.; Wu, T.; Liu, H., Positively charged covalent organic framework and its application in the dispersive solid-phase extraction of ultraviolet-filters from food packaging material migrants. Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 2019, 43 (5-6), 1-8.DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1701013
10. Wang, X. M.; Gui-Ju, X. U.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, X.; Wang, M. L.; Zhao, R. S.; Lin, J. M., Melamine/o-Phthalaldehyde Covalent Organic Frameworks for Solid Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Sulfonamide Antibiotics in Environmental Samples. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2018, 46 (12), 1990-1996.DOI: 10.11895/j.issn.0253-3820.181416
11. Hou, J. G.; Qian, M.; Du, X. Z.; Deng, H. L.; Gao, J. Z., Inorganic/organic mesoporous silica as a novel fiber coating of solid-phase microextraction. Talanta 2004, 62 (2), 241-246.DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.07.003
12. Gao, X.; Xu, K.; Chi, M.; Li, J.; Mu, J., Determination of four parabens in cosmetics by high-performance liquid chromatography with magnetic solid-phase and ionic dispersive liquid–liquid extraction. Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 2021, 40 (1), 161-172.DOI: 10.1515/revac-2021-0133
13. Li, M.; Jiao, C.; Yang, X.; Wang, C.; Wu, Q.; Wang, Z., Magnetic N-doped mesoporous carbon as an adsorbent for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of phthalate esters from soft drinks. Journal of Separation Science 2017, 40, 1637-1643.DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601262
14. ChunyanXiong; FuchuanLiu; JiajunGao; XingmaoJiang, A N-doped porous carbon derived from deep eutectic solvent for adsorption of organic contaminants from aqueous or oil solution. RSC Advances 10, 34953-34958.DOI: 10.1039/D0RA04542J
15. Xia, Y.; Mokaya, R., Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials with Graphitic Pore Walls via a Simple Chemical Vapor Deposition Method. Advanced Materials 2004, 16 (17), p.1553-1558.DOI: 10.1002/adma.200400391
16. A, X. Y.; A, M. Z.; B, X. C.; A, N. A.; A, G. L.; A, Y. L.; A, W. Z.; B, W. Y.; A, M. J., Transesterification of dimethyl oxalate with phenol over nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon materials. Applied Catalysis A: General 2012, s 439–440 (1), 149-155.DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2012.06.052
17. Zimmerman, J. L.; Williams, R.; Khabashesku, V. N.; Margrave, J. L., Preparation of sphere-shaped nanoscale carbon nitride polymer. Russian Chemical Bulletin 2001, 50 (11), 2020-2027.DOI: 10.1023/A:1015020511471