MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ANODIC TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES

Mukta  Kulkarni; Josef  Šepitka; Ita Junkar; Metka Benčina; Niharika Rawat; Anca Mazare; Chandrashekhar Rode; Suresh Gokhale; Patrik Schmuki; Matej Daniel; Aleš Iglič

Mukta Kulkarni Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Josef Šepitka Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 4, Prague 16607, Czech Republic
Ita Junkar Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Metka Benčina Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Niharika Rawat Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Anca Mazare Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7 91058, Erlangen, Germany
Chandrashekhar Rode Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, India 411008
Suresh Gokhale Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, India 411008
Patrik Schmuki Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7 91058, Erlangen, Germany
Matej Daniel Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague
Aleš Iglič Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Keywords: titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes, mechanical properties, elastic modulus, Vickers hardness

Abstract

Highly ordered and uniform titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanotubes (NTs) with different morphologies (15 nm, 50 nm and 100 nm in diameter) were prepared by the electrochemical anodization of Ti substrates. The TiO₂ NTs’ surface properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The elastic modulus (E) and the Vickers hardness (HV) of the Ti foil and of the different-morphology TiO₂ NTs were evaluated with the nano-indentation technique. E and HV increase with the decreasing length/diameter of the NTs, meaning that NTs with smaller diameters are more resistant to mechanical wear. The elastic modulus of the TiO₂ NTs with 15-nm and 50-nm diameters is similar to that of the human bone.

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