EFFECT OF THICKNESS REDUCTIONS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND NANO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AZ31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY IN FLOW-FORMING
Abstract
The effect of reducing the thinning rate when flow forming AZ31B magnesium alloy barrels on the microstructure, crystal orientation, micro-, nano- and macro-mechanical properties was investigated. The results demonstrate that when the magnesium alloy undergoes different degrees of plastic deformation after flow forming, the grain size and dislocation density inside the crystal change greatly, and the evolution pattern of the organization has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the materials. The stress-strain curve of the cylindrical parts was obtained by nano-indentation and hardness. This is important to improve the mechanical properties of the magnesium alloy.
References
1 G. Faraji, M. M. Mashhadi, H. S. Kim, Microstructure inhomogeneity in ultra-fine grained bulk AZ91 produced by accumulative back extrusion (ABE), Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 528 (2011) 1314, 43124317, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.02.075
2 T. C. Xu, Y. Yang, X. D. Peng, J. F. Song, F. S. Pan, Overview of advancement and development trend on magnesium alloy, J. Magnes. Alloy., 7 (2019) 3, 536544, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2019.08.001
3 Y. Yang, X. M. Xiong, J. Chen, X. D. Peng, D. L. Chen, F. S. Pan, Research advances in magnesium and magnesium alloys worldwide in 2020, J. Magnes. Alloy., 9 (2021) 3, 705747, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2021.04.001
4 J. F. Song, J. Chen, X. M. Xiong, X. D. Peng, D. L. Chen, F. S. Pan, Research advances of magnesium and magnesium alloys worldwide in 2021, J. Magnes. Alloy., 10 (2022) 4, 863898, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2022.04.001
5 C. Bruni, A. Forcellese, F. Gabrielli, M. Simoncini, Effect of temperature, strain rate and fibre orientation on the plastic flow behaviour and formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 210 (2010) 10, 13541363, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.03.025
6 Z. R. Zeng, N. Stanford, C. H. J. Davies, J. F. Nie, B. Nick, Magnesium extrusion alloys: a review of developments and prospects, Int. Mater. Rev., 64 (2019) 1, 2762, https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2017.1421439
7 T. T. T. Trang, J. H. Zhang, J. H. Kim, A. Zargaran, J. H. Hwang, B. C. Suh, N. J. Kim, Designing a magnesium alloy with high strength and high formability, Nat. Commun., 9 (2018) 1, 16, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04981-4
8 A. Javaid, F. Czerwinski, Progress in twin roll casting of magnesium alloys: A review, J. Magnes. Alloy., 9 (2020) 2, 362391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2020.10.003
9 H. Watari, T. Haga, N. Koga, K. Davey, Feasibility study of twin roll casting process for magnesium alloys, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 192 (2007), 300305, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.009
10 S. Y. Wang, L Gao, A. A. Luo, D. J. Li, X. Q. Zeng, Hot deformation behavior and workability of pre-extruded ZK60A magnesium alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 25 (2015) 6, 18221830
11 P. Peng, B. Wang, S. B. Zhou, J. She, A. T. Tang, J. Y. Zhang, F. S. Pan, Effects of optimizing continuous forging extrusion process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 840 (2022) 142892, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.142892
12 Q. Xia, J. Long, G. Xiao, S. Yuan, Y. Qin, Deformation mechanism of ZK61 magnesium alloy cylindrical parts with longitudinal inner ribs during hot backward flow forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 296 (2021), 117197, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117197
13 Z. Cao, F. Wang, Q. Wan, Z. Zhang, L. Jin, J. Dong, Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 magnesium alloy tube fabricated by hot flow forming, Materials & Design, 67 (2015), 6471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.11.016
14 S. C. Chang, C. A. Huang, S. Y. Yu, Y. Chang, W. C. Han, T. S. Shieh, H. C. Chung, H. T. Yao, G. D. Shyu, H. Y. Hou, C. C. Wang, W. S. Wang, Tube spinnability of AA 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloys, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 80 (1998). 676682, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00174-5
15 K. M. Rajan, K. Narasimhan, An Investigation of the Development of Defects During Flow Forming of High Strength Thin Wall Steel Tubes, Pract. Fail. Anal., 1 (2001) 5, 6976, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02715366
16 M. Haghshenas, M. Jhaver, R. J. Klassen, J. T. Wood, Plastic strain distribution during splined-mandrel flow forming, Mater. Des., 32 (2011) 6, 36293636, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.02.014
17 H. R. Molladavoudi, F. Djavanroodi, Experimental study of thickness reduction effects on mechanical properties and spinning accuracy of aluminum 7075-O, during flow forming, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 52 (2010) 912, 949957, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-010-2782-4
18 H. Zoghi, A. F. Arezoodar, M. Sayeaftabi, Enhanced finite element analysis of material deformation and strain distribution in spinning of 42CrMo steel tubes at elevated temperature, Mater. Des., 47 (2013), 234242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.11.049
19 J. W. Park, Y. H. Kim, W. B. Bae, Analysis of tube-spinning processes by the upper-bound stream-function method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 66 (1997) 13, 195203, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(96)02519-8
20 S. C. Chang, C. A. Huang, S. Y. Yu, Y Chang, W. C. Han, T. S. Shieh, H. C. Chung, H. T. Yao, G. D. Shyu, H. Y. Hou, C. C. Wang, W. S. Wang, Tube spin ability of AA 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, (1998), 80-81, 676682, doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00174-5
21 M. O. Katherine, G. D. João, R. M. A. Conrado, J. M. Meza, J. U. Selgado, Experimental study and thermodynamic computational simulation of phase transformations in centrifugal casting bimetallic pipe of API 5L X65Q steel and Inconel 625 alloy, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 32 (2018), 318–326, doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.02.003
22 W. J. Kim, S. I. Hong, Y. S. Kim, S. H. Min, H. T. Jeong, J. D. Lee, Texture development and its effect on mechanical properties of an AZ61 Mg alloy fabricated by equal channel angular pressing, J. Acta Materialia, 51 (2003) 11, 32933307, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00161-7
23 W. P. Peng, P. J. Li, P. Zeng, L. P. Lei, Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of twin-roll-cast Mg–2.9Al–0.9Zn alloy: a study with processing map, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 494 (2008) 12, 173–178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.04.029
24 Z. Cao, F. Wang, Q. Wan, Z. Zhang, L. Jin, J. Dong, Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 magnesium alloy tube fabricated by hot flow forming, Materials & Design, 67 (2015), 6471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.11.016