PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM OIL-PALM FIBER AND ITS EVALUATION FOR METHYLENE BLUE ADSORPTION
Keywords:
oil-palm-fiber activated carbon, steam activation, adsorption, methylene blue
Abstract
A new type of activated carbon was produced from oil-palm fiber using steam activation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the surface of oil-palm-fiber activated carbon (OPF-AC). The spectra of OPF-AC was investigated with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effects of the temperature, adsorbent dose, adsorption time and pH on the adsorption properties of methylene blue on OPF-AC were discussed. The Langmuir adsorption model and Freundlich adsorption model were used to find the adsorption equilibrium isotherm. Adsorption kinetics were employed to explain the adsorption process and predict the adsorption efficiency. The Van’t Hoff equation was used to assess the impact exerted by the adsorption temperature on the adsorbing process. According to the results, the data of the adsorption equilibrium of OPF-AC fit well the Langmuir adsorption model and the kinetics data can be gathered into a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption behavior of methylene blue on OPF-AC was endothermic and spontaneous. The total pore volume and BET surface area of OPF-AC reached 0.7809 cm3/g and 1018.84 m2/g, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of OPF-AC was 862.07 mg/g at 323 K. Accordingly, the gratifying adsorption of OPF-AC endows it with a promising prospect in the application field of agricultural adsorbents.
References
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2 S. J. Allen, L. Whitten, G. Mckay, The production and characterisation of activated carbons: a review, Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng., 6 (2010) 5, 231–261, doi:10.1002/apj.5500060501
3 A. M. Aljeboree, A. N. Alshirifi, A. F. Alkaim, Kinetics and equilibrium study for the adsorption of textile dyes on coconut shell activated carbon, Arabian J. Chem., 10 (2017), 3381–3393, doi:10.1016/ j.arabjc.2014.01.020
4 Z. A. Al-Othman, R. Ali, M. Naushad, Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous medium by activated carbon prepared from peanut shell: adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies, Chem. Eng. J., 184 (2012), 238–247, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012. 01.048
5 F. Shen, Y. Wang, L. Li, K. Zhang, R. L. Smith, X. Qi, Porous carbonaceous materials from hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation of corn stover for highly efficient CO2 capture, Chem. Eng. Commun., 205 (2018) 4, 423–431, doi:10.1080/00986445.2017. 1367671
6 X. Yuan, S. W. Choi, E. Jang, K. B. Lee, Chemically activated microporous carbons derived from petroleum coke: Performance evaluation for CF4 adsorption, Chem. Eng. J., 336 (2018), 297–305, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.11.168
7 B. H. Hameed, A. L. Ahmad, K. N. A. Latiff, Adsorption of basic dye (methylene blue) onto activated carbon prepared from rattan sawdust, Dyes Pigm., 75 (2007) 1, 143–149, doi:10.1016/j.dyepig. 2006.05.039
8 S. Senthilkumaar, P. R. Varadarajan, K. Porkodi, C. V. Subbhuraam, Adsorption of methylene blue onto jute fiber carbon: kinetics and equilibrium studies, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 284 (2005) 1, 78–82, doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.09.027
9 S. Karagöz, T. Tay, S. Ucar, M. Erdem, Activated carbons from waste biomass by sulfuric acid activation and their use on methylene blue adsorption, Bioresour. Technol., 99 (2008) 14, 6214–6222, doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.12.019
10 E. N. E. Qada, S. J. Allen, G. M. Walker, Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto activated carbon produced from steam activated bituminous coal: A study of equilibrium adsorption isotherm, Chem. Eng. J., 124 (2006) 1, 103–110, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2006.08.015
11 S. Altenor, B. Carene, E. Emmanuel, J. Lambert, J. J. Ehrhardt, S. Gaspard, Adsorption studies of methylene blue and phenol onto vetiver roots activated carbon prepared by chemical activation, J. Hazard. Mater., 165 (2009) 1, 1029–1039, doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat. 2008.10.133
12 A. L. Ahmada, M. M. Loha, J. A. Azizb, Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from oil palm wood and its evaluation on Methylene blue adsorption, Dyes Pigm., 75 (2007) 2, 263–272, doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2006.05.034
13 A. M. M. Vargas, A. L. Cazetta, M. H. Kunita, T. L. Silva, V. C. Almeida, Adsorption of methylene blue on activated carbon produced from flamboyant pods (Delonix regia): study of adsorption isotherms and kinetic models, Chem. Eng. J., 168 (2011) 2, 722–730, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.01.067
14 M. U. Dural, L. Cavas, S. K. Papageorgiou, F. K. Katsaros, Methylene blue adsorption on activated carbon prepared from Posidonia oceanica (L.) dead leaves: kinetics and equilibrium studies, Chem. Eng. J., 168 (2011) 1, 77-85, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2010.12.038
15 Y. Wang, Y. Li, H. Zheng, Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on methylene blue adsorption by Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim shell activated carbon, Pol. J. Chem. Technol., 21 (2019) 4, 89–97, doi:10.2478/pjct-2019-0044
16 M. Auta, B. H. Hameed, Optimized waste tea activated carbon for adsorption of Methylene Blue and Acid Blue 29 dyes using response surface methodology, Chem. Eng. J., 175 (2011) 8, 233–243, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.09.100
17 L. Li, L. Fan, M. Sun, H. Qiu, X. Li, H. Duan, C. Luo, Adsorbent for chromium removal based on graphene oxide functionalized with magnetic cyclodextrin-chitosan, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 58 (2013) 7, 169–175, doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.074
18 V. K. Gupta, D. Pathania, S. Sharma, S. Agarwal, P. Singh, Remediation of noxious chromium (VI) utilizing acrylic acid grafted lignocellulosic adsorbent, J. Mol. Liq., 177 (2013) 1, 343–352, doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2012.10.017
19 Y. Wang, Y. Li, H. Li, H. Zheng, Q. Du, Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on methylene blue adsorption by konjac glucomannan/activated carbon aerogel, J. Polym. Environ., 27 (2019), 1342–1351, doi:10.1007/s10924-019-01420-3
20 M. Doğan, M. Alkan, Ö. Demirbaş, Y. Özdemir, C. Özmetin, Adsorption kinetics of maxilon blue GRL onto sepiolite from aqueous solutions, Chem. Eng. J., 124 (2006) 1, 89–101, doi:10.1016/j.cej. 2006.08.016
21 Y. S. Ho, C. C. Chiang, Sorption studies of acid dye by mixed sorbents, Adsorption – journal of the International Adsorption Society, 7 (2001) 2, 139–147, doi:10.1023/A:1011652224816
22 P. K. Neghlani, M. Rafizadeh, F. A. Taromi, Preparation of aminated- polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membranes for the adsorption of metal ions: comparison with microfibers, J. Hazard. Mater., 186 (2011) 1, 182–189, doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.121
23 Y. Wang, Y. Li, X. Zhang, H. Zheng, Removal of methylene blue from water by copper alginate/activated carbon aerogel: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies, J. Polym. Environ., 28 (2019) 1, 200–210, doi:10.1007/s10924-019-01577-x
24 M. K. Purkait, A. Maiti, S. Dasgupta, S. De, Removal of congo red using activated carbon and its regeneration, J. Hazard. Mater., 145 (2007) 1, 287–295, doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.021
25 Rahmi, Lelifajri, Julinawati, Shabrina, Preparation of chitosan composite film reinforced with cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch and application in cadmium ions removal from aqueous solutions, Carbohydr. Polym., 170 (2017), 226–233, doi:10.1016/ j.carbpol.2017.04.084
26 N. Song, X. L. Wu, S. Zhong, H. Lin, J. R. Chen, Biocompatible G-Fe3O4/CA nanocomposites for the removal of methylene blue, J. Mol. Liq., 212 (2015), 63–69, doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2015.08059
27 V. K. Gupta, R. Jain, M. N. Siddiqui, T. A. Saleh, S. Agarwal, S. Malati, D. Pathak, Equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of the dye rhodamine-B onto mustard cake and activated carbon, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 55 (2010) 11, 5225–5229, doi:10.1016/ j.molliq.2015.08.059
28 I. A. W. Tan, B. H. Hameed, A. L. Ahmad, Equilibrium and kinetic studies on basic dye adsorption by oil palm fibre activated carbon, Chem. Eng. J., 127 (2007) 1, 111–119, doi:10.1016/j.cej.2006. 09.010
29 A. Khasri, O. S. Bello, M. A. Ahmad, Mesoporous activated carbon from Pentace species sawdust via microwave-induced KOH activation: optimization and methylene blue adsorption, Res. Chem. Intermed., (2018), 1–21, doi:10.1007/s11164-018-3452-7
30 M. Baysal, K. Bilge, B. Yilmaz, M. Papila, Y. Yürüm, Preparation of high surface area activated carbon from waste-biomass of sunflower piths: Kinetics and equilibrium studies on the dye removal, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., (2018), 1702–1713, doi:10.1016/j.jece.2018.02.020
31 Y. Wang, J. Pan, Y. Li, P. Zhang, M. Li, H. Zheng, X. Zhang, H. Li, Q. Du, Methylene blue adsorption by activated carbon, nickel alginate/activated carbon aerogel, and nickel alginate/graphene oxide aerogel: a comparison study, J. Mater. Res. Technol., 9 (2020) 6, 12443–12460, doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.08.084
Published
2021-06-02
How to Cite
1.
Wang Y, Pan J, Li Y, Zhang P, Zhang X, Li M, Zheng H, Sun Y, Wang H, Du Q. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM OIL-PALM FIBER AND ITS EVALUATION FOR METHYLENE BLUE ADSORPTION. MatTech [Internet]. 2021Jun.2 [cited 2025Jan.19];55(3):449–457. Available from: https://mater-tehnol.si/index.php/MatTech/article/view/184
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