ENHANCING THE DURABILITY AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF BAMBOO FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE MODIFICATION UNDER WET-DRY CYCLES
Keywords:
bamboo fiber, SEM, magnesium hydroxide, durability, mechanical properties
Abstract
This study systematically investigates the effects of different treatment methods (untreated and magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)₂] treated fibers) and varying fiber dosages (0, 1.2, 1.8, 2.3 and 2.8) % on the mechanical properties and durability of bamboo fiber-reinforced concrete (BFRC). Compressive, tensile, and flexural strength tests were conducted before and after 16 wet-dry cycles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the microstructure of bamboo fibers and their interfacial bonding mechanisms, establishing the durability of BFRC. The results indicate that as the bamboo fiber content increases, the compressive strength of BFRC decreases, while the tensile and flexural strengths reach their optimal values at a 2.3 % fiber content. Untreated bamboo fibers contain surface impurities, leading to weak interfacial bonding with the cement matrix, whereas Mg(OH)2-treated fibers exhibit a cleaner surface and significantly enhanced interfacial adhesion. After 16 wet-dry cycles, BFRC with untreated fibers showed a flexural strength loss of 11.5–12.7 %, compared to 17.4 % for plain concrete. BFRC with Mg(OH)2-treated fibers further reduced the loss to 8.2–8.9 %, confirming the treatment’s effectiveness. This study provides new insights into the development of high-durability and sustainable bamboo fiber-reinforced composites and establishes a theoretical foundation for their application in civil engineering.
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38. Aditya PH, Kishore KS, Prasad D. Characterization of natural fiber reinforced composites. Int J Eng Appl Sci 2017;4(6):257446.
39. Amran M, Fediuk R, Abdelgader HS, et al. Fiber-reinforced alkali-activated concrete: A review. Journal of Building Engineering 2022;45:103638.
40. Akinyemi BA, Omoniyi TE. Effect of experimental wet and dry cycles on bamboo fibre reinforced acrylic polymer modified cement composites. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 2020;29(1):86–93; doi: 10.1515/jmbm-2020-0009.
41. Bahrami M, Abenojar J, Martínez MÁ. Recent progress in hybrid biocomposites: Mechanical properties, water absorption, and flame retardancy. Materials 2020;13(22):5145.
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2. Zhang P, Wang C, Guo Z, et al. Effect of polyvinyl alcohol fibers on mechanical properties of nano-SiO2 -reinforced geopolymer composites under a complex environment. Nanotechnology Reviews 2023;12(1):20230142; doi: 10.1515/ntrev-2023-0142.
3. Wu B. Designing Sustainable Natural Fiber-Reinforced Reactive Magnesia Cement Composites. PhD Thesis. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Hong Kong); 2024.
4. Wei J. Durability of Cement Composites Reinforced with Sisal Fiber. Columbia University; 2014.
5. Wang X, Li Z, Han B, et al. Intelligent concrete with self-x capabilities for smart cities. Journal of Smart Cities 2019;2(2):1–39.
6. Wang J, GangaRao H, Liang R, et al. Durability and prediction models of fiber-reinforced polymer composites under various environmental conditions: A critical review. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 2016;35(3):179–211; doi: 10.1177/0731684415610920.
7. Luo Y, Yussof MM, Zhang L. Study of thermal conductivity of constituent materials for electrically heated bridge decks. Construction and Building Materials 2024;453:139122; doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139122.
8. Vinod A, Pulikkalparambil H, Jagadeesh P, et al. Recent advancements in lignocellulose biomass-based carbon fiber: Synthesis, properties, and applications. Heliyon 2023;9(3).
9. Su J, Zhang P, Guo J, et al. Effect of PVA fibers on durability of nano-SiO2 -reinforced cement-based composites subjected to wet-thermal and chloride salt-coupled environment. Nanotechnology Reviews 2023;12(1):20230140; doi: 10.1515/ntrev-2023-0140.
10. Teixeira FP. Mechanical Behavior of Natural Fiber Cement Based Composites for Structural Applications. 2020.
11. Pan Z, Hu S, Zhang C, et al. Mechanical and hydration characteristics of stabilized gold mine tailings using a sustainable industrial waste-based binder. Materials 2023;16(2):634.
12. Rasheed PA, Nayar SK, AlFantazi A. Concrete corrosion in nuclear power plants and other nuclear installations and its mitigation techniques: a review. Corrosion Reviews 2024;42(1):57–73; doi: 10.1515/corrrev-2022-0024.
13. Purnell P. Degradation of Fibre-Reinforced Cement Composites. Woodhead Publishing Cambridge, UK; 2007.
14. Patel R, Babaei-Ghazvini A, Dunlop MJ, et al. Carbon Capture Science & Technology. n.d.
15. Van Nguyen C, Mangat PS. Properties of rice straw reinforced alkali activated cementitious composites. Construction and Building Materials 2020;261:120536.
16. VAIČEKAUSKIENĖ V, NAGROCKIENĖ D. The effect of cellulose fiber on the properties and structure of hardened cement paste. Ceramics–Silikáty 2024;68(2):225–233.
17. Tanasă F, Teacă CA, Nechifor M, et al. Multicomponent Polymer Systems Based on Agro-Industrial Waste. In: Bioplastics for Sustainable Development. (Kuddus M, Roohi. eds) Springer Singapore: Singapore; 2021; pp. 467–513; doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-1823-9_18.
18. Stevulova N, Cigasova J, Schwarzova I, et al. Sustainable bio-aggregate-based composites containing hemp hurds and alternative binder. Buildings 2018;8(2):25.
19. Luo Y, Liu H. Thermoelectric power generation in concrete: A study on influential material and structural factors. Energy and Buildings 2025;328:115159; doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.115159.
20. Luo Y, Chen Y, Yu Y. Mechanical and impermeability properties of bamboo fiber reinforced concrete before and after wet-dry cycling. Structures 2025;73:108363; doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108363.
21. Anonymous. GB/T 50081-2019 PDF English. n.d. Available from: https://www.chinesestandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT50081-2019 [Last accessed: 3/10/2025].
22. Lv C, He P, Pang G, et al. Effect of Wet–Dry Cycling on Properties of Natural-Cellulose-Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymers: A Short Review. Molecules 2023;28(20):7189.
23. Nguyen M-T, Fernandez CA, Haider MM, et al. Toward Self-Healing Concrete Infrastructure: Review of Experiments and Simulations across Scales. Chem Rev 2023;123(18):10838–10876; doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00709.
24. Malkapuram R, Kumar V, Yuvraj Singh Negi. Recent Development in Natural Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 2009;28(10):1169–1189; doi: 10.1177/0731684407087759.
25. Mahmood A, Noman MT, Pechočiaková M, et al. Geopolymers and fiber-reinforced concrete composites in civil engineering. Polymers 2021;13(13):2099.
26. LI Y, WEI M, LIU L, et al. Strength characteristics and mechanism analysis of fiber reinforced highly cohesive tailings solidified using high-calcium geopolymer. Rock and Soil Mechanics 2023;44(1):2.
27. Khelifi W, Bencedira S, Azab M, et al. Conservation environments’ effect on the compressive strength behaviour of wood–concrete composites. Materials 2022;15(10):3572.
28. Kaze RC, Bikoko TGLJ, Adesina A, et al. Influence of calcined laterite on the physico-mechanical, durability and microstructure characteristics of portland cement mortar. Innov Infrastruct Solut 2024;9(7):248; doi: 10.1007/s41062-024-01564-9.
29. Ismael IAI. Effects of Steel Cnc Milling Waste on Some Geotechnical Properties of Silty Soil. Master’s Thesis. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2017.
30. He J, Huang Z, Wang X, et al. Advances in Highly Ductile Concrete Research. Materials 2024;17(18):4596.
31. Hall MR, Najim KB, Dehdezi PK. Soil Stabilisation and Earth Construction: Materials, Properties and Techniques. In: Modern Earth Buildings Elsevier; 2012; pp. 222–255.
32. Chen Q, Fan J, Mei M. An Investigation of Water Transport Properties of Polyester Knitted Fabrics. In: 2012 Spring Conference of the Fiber Society 2012.
33. Gupta S. Biochar Enhanced Concrete for Better Performance and More Effective Bio-Based Self Healing. PhD Thesis. National University of Singapore (Singapore); 2018.
34. Guo A, Sun Z, Feng H, et al. State-of-the-art review on the use of lignocellulosic biomass in cementitious materials. Sustain Struct 2023;3(1):000023.
35. Grek DC. High Temperature Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Reinforced Inorganic Polymer (SRiP). Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, School of Graduate Studies; 2017.
36. Addis LB, Sendekie ZB, Satheesh N. Degradation Kinetics and Durability Enhancement Strategies of Cellulosic Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymers and Cement Composites. Nawab Y. ed. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022;2022:1–22; doi: 10.1155/2022/1981755.
37. Ahmad J, Mohammed Jebur Y, Tayyab Naqash M, et al. Improvement in the strength of concrete reinforced with agriculture fibers: Assessment on mechanical properties and microstructure analysis. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 2024;19:15589250241226480; doi: 10.1177/15589250241226480.
38. Aditya PH, Kishore KS, Prasad D. Characterization of natural fiber reinforced composites. Int J Eng Appl Sci 2017;4(6):257446.
39. Amran M, Fediuk R, Abdelgader HS, et al. Fiber-reinforced alkali-activated concrete: A review. Journal of Building Engineering 2022;45:103638.
40. Akinyemi BA, Omoniyi TE. Effect of experimental wet and dry cycles on bamboo fibre reinforced acrylic polymer modified cement composites. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 2020;29(1):86–93; doi: 10.1515/jmbm-2020-0009.
41. Bahrami M, Abenojar J, Martínez MÁ. Recent progress in hybrid biocomposites: Mechanical properties, water absorption, and flame retardancy. Materials 2020;13(22):5145.
42. Ansari FA, Sharma HK. Chapter 13 Advanced Fiber Materials in Corrosion Protection. In: Fiber Materials. (Aslam J, Verma C. eds) De Gruyter; 2023; pp. 339–356; doi: 10.1515/9783110992892-013.
Published
2025-10-01
How to Cite
1.
Jiang Y, Luo Y. ENHANCING THE DURABILITY AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF BAMBOO FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE MODIFICATION UNDER WET-DRY CYCLES. MatTech [Internet]. 2025Oct.1 [cited 2025Nov.18];59(5):729–738. Available from: https://mater-tehnol.si/index.php/MatTech/article/view/1439
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