CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF HRB 400 REINFORCING STEEL WELDING JOINT IN SIMULATED CONCERT ENVIRONMENT BASED ON SVET
Keywords:
corrosion of reinforced concrete, SVET, welded joints for reinforcing steel
Abstract
Based on SVET technology, the corrosion tendency of HRB400 steel welded joint and its base metal in simulated concrete environment and the influence of corrosion products were studied in this paper. The results show that the microstructure of the weld metal and base metal are ferrite+pearlite, and the microstructure of the heat affected zone is incompletely transformed bainite+ferrite+pearlite. Since the region produces smaller grains and more grain boundaries after welding, it becomes the most prone area for corrosion of welded joints. The addition of Cl– inhibited the passivation of HRB400 steel welded joint in the simulated concrete pore fluid. Through the analysis of Nyquist curve and polarization curve, it was found that under high chloride ion concentration, the base metal is more sensitive to chloride ions compared to welded joints.With the increase of Cl– concentration, the current density in the welded joint area gradually increased, but after reaching the chloride concentration of 0.5 mol/L, the current density tended to be flat. The occurrence of this phenomenon confirms the above conclusion. Further more,through SVET testing of the filler metal, it can be found that the filler metal has good adaptability to the HRB400 welding joint, forming a welding joint with better performance.
References
1. W. Hou, Y. Ding, G. Huang, N. Huda, L.H.A. Shah, Z. Piao, Y. Shen, Z. Shen, A. Gerlich, The role of pin eccentricity in friction stir welding of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, (2022).
2. Z. Li, S. Lv, Database on Corrosion of Ocean Engineering Materials and Structures, in: Proceedings of the 2(nd) Asian Materials Database Symposium, 2010.
3. Nedal, Mohamed, Mohamed, Boulfiza, Richard, Evitts, Corrosion of Carbon Steel and Corrosion-Resistant Rebars in Concrete Structures Under Chloride Ion Attack, Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance, (2013).
4. Z. Li, Anti-corrosion measures of concrete bridge structure durability under ocean environment, Shanxi Architecture, (2012).
5. R.J. Himiob, Evaluation of corrosion resistant ferrous-alloys in chloride contaminated concrete, in, Florida Atlantic University, 2007.
6. R.E. Melchers, I.A. Chaves, A comparative study of chlorides and longer‐term reinforcement corrosion, Materials and Corrosion, 68 (2017).
7. S.G. Dong, B. Zhao, C. Lin, R.G. Du, R.G. Hu, G.X. Zhang, Corrosion behavior of epoxy/zinc duplex coated rebar embedded in concrete in ocean environment, Construction & Building Materials, 28 (2012) 72-78.
8. B. Qiao, D.U. Ronggui, W. Chen, Y. Zhu, C. Lin, Effect of no2 - and Cl- on the corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel in simulated concrete pore solutions, Acta Metallurgica Sinica -Chinese Edition-, 2010 (2010) 245-250.
9. Y. Zhao, J. Yu, W. Jin, Damage analysis and cracking model of reinforced concrete structures with rebar corrosion, Corrosion science, 53 (2011) 3388-3397.
10. S. Yan, H. Chen, C. Ma, Y. Nie, X. Wang, Q.H. Qin, Local corrosion behaviour of hybrid laser-MIG welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy joints, Materials & Design, 88 (2015) 1353-1365. [1] W. Hou, Y. Ding, G. Huang, N. Huda, L.H.A. Shah, Z. Piao, Y. Shen, Z. Shen, A. Gerlich, The role of pin eccentricity in friction stir welding of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, (2022).
11. S. Coccia, S. Imperatore, Z. Rinaldi, Influence of corrosion on the bond strength of steel rebars in concrete, (2014).
12. Y.B. Yang, S. Liang, H.H. Mo, Y.W. Chen, The Experimental Study of Anti-seawater Corrosion Concrete with a Lot of Slag at Ocean Environment, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, (2005).
13. C. Qi, G. Guisheng, L. Feng, W.U. Sanyu, Z. Dalin, A New Type Anticorrosion Coating for Ocean Reinforced Concrete Structures, China Ocean Engineering (English version), 014 (2000) 385-390.
14. T. Morita, M. Yamanaka, Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded Al–Mg–Si joint, Materials Science & Engineering A, 595 (2014) 196-204.
15. Cai, J., Ma, H., Zhou, Y., Chen, C., Liu, Corrosion behaviour of low alloy corrosion resistant steel in simulated concrete environment, Materials Research Innovations, (2014).
16. W.K. Green, Steel reinforcement corrosion in concrete – an overview of some fundamentals, Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology, 55 (2020) 1-14.
17. S. Yan, Y. Nie, Z. Zhu, H. Chen, G. Gou, J. Yu, G. Wang, Characteristics of microstructure and fatigue resistance of hybrid fiber laser-MIG welded Al–Mg alloy joints, Applied Surface Science, 298 (2014) 12-18.
18. Z.Y.L. Cui, Z. Y.Wang, L. W.Ma, H. C.Du, C. W.Li, X. G.Wang, X., Effect of pH Value on the Electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel in the Dilute Bicarbonate Solutions, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 24 (2015).
19. S. Wang, J. Ding, H. Ming, Z. Zhang, J. Wang, Characterization of low alloy ferritic steel–Ni base alloy dissimilar metal weld interface by SPM techniques, SEM/EDS, TEM/EDS and SVET, Materials Characterization, 100 (2015) 50-60.
20. F. Presuel-Moreno, H. Balasubramanian, Y.Y. Wu, Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Pipes: An Accelerated Approach, in, 2013.
21. X. Li, Y. Shao, W. Miao, Y. Liu, C. Liu, Galvanic corrosion behaviors of the low-carbon ferritic stainless steel ERW (electrical resistance welding) joint in the simulated seawater, Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, ahead-of-print (2020).
22. K.D. Ralston, N. Birbilis, C.H.J. Davies, Revealing the relationship between grain size and corrosion rate of metals, Scripta Materialia, 63 (2010) 1201-1204.
23. K.D.R. Birbilis, N, Effect of grain size on corrosion: A review, Corrosion -Houston Tx-, 66 (2010) 319-324.
24. D. Dwivedi, K.i. Lepková, T. Becker, Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods, Rsc Advances, 7 (2017) 4580-4610.
25. Y. Wang, A. Mukherjee, A. Castel, Non-destructive monitoring of incipient corrosion in reinforced concrete with top-bar defect using a combination of electrochemical and ultrasonic techniques, Construction and Building Materials, (2022).
26. W. Chuaiphan, L. Srijaroenpramong, Effect of welding speed on microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of GTA-welded AISI 201 stainless steel sheets, Journal of Materials Processing Tech, 214 (2014) 402-408.
27. Y.C. Lim, L. Squires, T.Y. Pan, M. Miles, G.L. Song, Y. Wang, Z. Feng, Study of mechanical joint strength of aluminum alloy 7075-T6 and dual phase steel 980 welded by friction bit joining and weld-bonding under corrosion medium, Materials & Design, 69 (2015) 37-43.
28. L. Liu, R. Xu, Investigation of the corrosion behaviour of laser-TIG hybrid welded Mg alloys, Corrosion Science, 52 (2010) 3078-3085.
29. J.G. Kim, Investigation of Weld Corrosion Effects on the Stress Behavior of a Welded Joint Pipe Using Numerical Simulations, Metals and Materials International, 25 (2019).
30. B.L. Alwin, A. K.Vasudevan, M.Vasantharaja, P., Assessment of Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Activated Tungsten Inert Gas-Welded Duplex Stainless Steel Joints, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 26 (2017).
31. A.K. Lakshminarayanan, V. Balasubramanian, Assessment of sensitization resistance of AISI 409M grade ferritic stainless steel joints using Modified Strauss test, Materials & Design, 39 (2012) 175-185.
32. G. Choe, Y. Shinohara, G. Kim, S. Lee, J. Nam, Concrete Corrosion Cracking and Transverse Bar Strain Behavior in a Reinforced Concrete Column under Simulated Marine Conditions, Applied Sciences, 10 (2020) 1794.
33. H.M. Oleiwi, Y. Wang, M. Curioni, X. Chen, I.L. Shabalin, An experimental study of cathodic protection for chloride contaminated reinforced concrete, Materials and Structures, 51 (2018) 148.
34. L. Zhao-Hui, L. Pei-Yuan, L. Wengui, L. Zhiyu, L. Yuelin, L. Peng, Empirical model of corrosion rate for steel reinforced concrete structures in chloride-laden environments, Advances in Structural Engineering, 22 (2018) 136943321878331.
35. J. Li, H. Li, Y. Liang, P. Liu, L. Yang, Y. Wang, Effects of heat input and cooling rate during welding on intergranular corrosion behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welded joints, Corrosion Science, 166 (2020) 108445.108441-108445.108414.
36. K. Zhou, B. Wang, Y. Zhao, J. Liu, Corrosion and electrochemical behaviors of 7A09 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy in chloride aqueous solution, China Journal of Nonferrous Metals (English Edition).
37. Y. Savguira, T.H. North, S.J. Thorpe, Effect of grain size and residual stress on the corrosion resistance of friction stir spot welded AZ31B joints, Materials & Corrosion, (2016).
38. J. Guo, S. Yang, C. Shang, Y. Wang, X. He, Influence of carbon content and microstructure on corrosion behaviour of low alloy steels in a Cl containing environment, Corrosion Science, 51 (2009) 242-251.
39. H.W. Song, H.J. Kim, V. Saraswathy, T.H. Kim, A Micro-mechanics Based Corrosion Model for Predicting the Service Life of Reinforced Concrete Structures, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2 (2007) 341-354.
2. Z. Li, S. Lv, Database on Corrosion of Ocean Engineering Materials and Structures, in: Proceedings of the 2(nd) Asian Materials Database Symposium, 2010.
3. Nedal, Mohamed, Mohamed, Boulfiza, Richard, Evitts, Corrosion of Carbon Steel and Corrosion-Resistant Rebars in Concrete Structures Under Chloride Ion Attack, Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance, (2013).
4. Z. Li, Anti-corrosion measures of concrete bridge structure durability under ocean environment, Shanxi Architecture, (2012).
5. R.J. Himiob, Evaluation of corrosion resistant ferrous-alloys in chloride contaminated concrete, in, Florida Atlantic University, 2007.
6. R.E. Melchers, I.A. Chaves, A comparative study of chlorides and longer‐term reinforcement corrosion, Materials and Corrosion, 68 (2017).
7. S.G. Dong, B. Zhao, C. Lin, R.G. Du, R.G. Hu, G.X. Zhang, Corrosion behavior of epoxy/zinc duplex coated rebar embedded in concrete in ocean environment, Construction & Building Materials, 28 (2012) 72-78.
8. B. Qiao, D.U. Ronggui, W. Chen, Y. Zhu, C. Lin, Effect of no2 - and Cl- on the corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel in simulated concrete pore solutions, Acta Metallurgica Sinica -Chinese Edition-, 2010 (2010) 245-250.
9. Y. Zhao, J. Yu, W. Jin, Damage analysis and cracking model of reinforced concrete structures with rebar corrosion, Corrosion science, 53 (2011) 3388-3397.
10. S. Yan, H. Chen, C. Ma, Y. Nie, X. Wang, Q.H. Qin, Local corrosion behaviour of hybrid laser-MIG welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy joints, Materials & Design, 88 (2015) 1353-1365. [1] W. Hou, Y. Ding, G. Huang, N. Huda, L.H.A. Shah, Z. Piao, Y. Shen, Z. Shen, A. Gerlich, The role of pin eccentricity in friction stir welding of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, (2022).
11. S. Coccia, S. Imperatore, Z. Rinaldi, Influence of corrosion on the bond strength of steel rebars in concrete, (2014).
12. Y.B. Yang, S. Liang, H.H. Mo, Y.W. Chen, The Experimental Study of Anti-seawater Corrosion Concrete with a Lot of Slag at Ocean Environment, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, (2005).
13. C. Qi, G. Guisheng, L. Feng, W.U. Sanyu, Z. Dalin, A New Type Anticorrosion Coating for Ocean Reinforced Concrete Structures, China Ocean Engineering (English version), 014 (2000) 385-390.
14. T. Morita, M. Yamanaka, Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded Al–Mg–Si joint, Materials Science & Engineering A, 595 (2014) 196-204.
15. Cai, J., Ma, H., Zhou, Y., Chen, C., Liu, Corrosion behaviour of low alloy corrosion resistant steel in simulated concrete environment, Materials Research Innovations, (2014).
16. W.K. Green, Steel reinforcement corrosion in concrete – an overview of some fundamentals, Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology, 55 (2020) 1-14.
17. S. Yan, Y. Nie, Z. Zhu, H. Chen, G. Gou, J. Yu, G. Wang, Characteristics of microstructure and fatigue resistance of hybrid fiber laser-MIG welded Al–Mg alloy joints, Applied Surface Science, 298 (2014) 12-18.
18. Z.Y.L. Cui, Z. Y.Wang, L. W.Ma, H. C.Du, C. W.Li, X. G.Wang, X., Effect of pH Value on the Electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel in the Dilute Bicarbonate Solutions, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 24 (2015).
19. S. Wang, J. Ding, H. Ming, Z. Zhang, J. Wang, Characterization of low alloy ferritic steel–Ni base alloy dissimilar metal weld interface by SPM techniques, SEM/EDS, TEM/EDS and SVET, Materials Characterization, 100 (2015) 50-60.
20. F. Presuel-Moreno, H. Balasubramanian, Y.Y. Wu, Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Pipes: An Accelerated Approach, in, 2013.
21. X. Li, Y. Shao, W. Miao, Y. Liu, C. Liu, Galvanic corrosion behaviors of the low-carbon ferritic stainless steel ERW (electrical resistance welding) joint in the simulated seawater, Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, ahead-of-print (2020).
22. K.D. Ralston, N. Birbilis, C.H.J. Davies, Revealing the relationship between grain size and corrosion rate of metals, Scripta Materialia, 63 (2010) 1201-1204.
23. K.D.R. Birbilis, N, Effect of grain size on corrosion: A review, Corrosion -Houston Tx-, 66 (2010) 319-324.
24. D. Dwivedi, K.i. Lepková, T. Becker, Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods, Rsc Advances, 7 (2017) 4580-4610.
25. Y. Wang, A. Mukherjee, A. Castel, Non-destructive monitoring of incipient corrosion in reinforced concrete with top-bar defect using a combination of electrochemical and ultrasonic techniques, Construction and Building Materials, (2022).
26. W. Chuaiphan, L. Srijaroenpramong, Effect of welding speed on microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of GTA-welded AISI 201 stainless steel sheets, Journal of Materials Processing Tech, 214 (2014) 402-408.
27. Y.C. Lim, L. Squires, T.Y. Pan, M. Miles, G.L. Song, Y. Wang, Z. Feng, Study of mechanical joint strength of aluminum alloy 7075-T6 and dual phase steel 980 welded by friction bit joining and weld-bonding under corrosion medium, Materials & Design, 69 (2015) 37-43.
28. L. Liu, R. Xu, Investigation of the corrosion behaviour of laser-TIG hybrid welded Mg alloys, Corrosion Science, 52 (2010) 3078-3085.
29. J.G. Kim, Investigation of Weld Corrosion Effects on the Stress Behavior of a Welded Joint Pipe Using Numerical Simulations, Metals and Materials International, 25 (2019).
30. B.L. Alwin, A. K.Vasudevan, M.Vasantharaja, P., Assessment of Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Activated Tungsten Inert Gas-Welded Duplex Stainless Steel Joints, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 26 (2017).
31. A.K. Lakshminarayanan, V. Balasubramanian, Assessment of sensitization resistance of AISI 409M grade ferritic stainless steel joints using Modified Strauss test, Materials & Design, 39 (2012) 175-185.
32. G. Choe, Y. Shinohara, G. Kim, S. Lee, J. Nam, Concrete Corrosion Cracking and Transverse Bar Strain Behavior in a Reinforced Concrete Column under Simulated Marine Conditions, Applied Sciences, 10 (2020) 1794.
33. H.M. Oleiwi, Y. Wang, M. Curioni, X. Chen, I.L. Shabalin, An experimental study of cathodic protection for chloride contaminated reinforced concrete, Materials and Structures, 51 (2018) 148.
34. L. Zhao-Hui, L. Pei-Yuan, L. Wengui, L. Zhiyu, L. Yuelin, L. Peng, Empirical model of corrosion rate for steel reinforced concrete structures in chloride-laden environments, Advances in Structural Engineering, 22 (2018) 136943321878331.
35. J. Li, H. Li, Y. Liang, P. Liu, L. Yang, Y. Wang, Effects of heat input and cooling rate during welding on intergranular corrosion behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welded joints, Corrosion Science, 166 (2020) 108445.108441-108445.108414.
36. K. Zhou, B. Wang, Y. Zhao, J. Liu, Corrosion and electrochemical behaviors of 7A09 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy in chloride aqueous solution, China Journal of Nonferrous Metals (English Edition).
37. Y. Savguira, T.H. North, S.J. Thorpe, Effect of grain size and residual stress on the corrosion resistance of friction stir spot welded AZ31B joints, Materials & Corrosion, (2016).
38. J. Guo, S. Yang, C. Shang, Y. Wang, X. He, Influence of carbon content and microstructure on corrosion behaviour of low alloy steels in a Cl containing environment, Corrosion Science, 51 (2009) 242-251.
39. H.W. Song, H.J. Kim, V. Saraswathy, T.H. Kim, A Micro-mechanics Based Corrosion Model for Predicting the Service Life of Reinforced Concrete Structures, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2 (2007) 341-354.
Published
2024-06-03
How to Cite
1.
Zou W, Zheng C, Ma H, He J, Li X, Zhang J, Ju D, Zhou C, Yi G. CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF HRB 400 REINFORCING STEEL WELDING JOINT IN SIMULATED CONCERT ENVIRONMENT BASED ON SVET. MatTech [Internet]. 2024Jun.3 [cited 2024Sep.7];58(3):329–338. Available from: https://mater-tehnol.si/index.php/MatTech/article/view/1069
Section
Articles
